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Antifungal activity and the chemical composition ofChenopodium ambrosioides L.essential oil (EO) are reported.EO was evaluated at 0.3,0.1 and 0.05% against Aspergillusflavus,A.glaucus,A.niger,A.ochraceous,Colletotrichumgloesporioides,C.musae,Fusarium oxysporum and Esemitectum.The growth of all the fungi was inhibited completelyat 0.3%,and by 90 to 100% at 0.1%.Thirteen compounds wereidentified in the EO by gas chromatography and gaschromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with(Z)-ascaridole (61.4%) and (E)-ascaridole (18.6) being theprincipal components.