论文部分内容阅读
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is the major organization for Official Development Assistance (ODA) in Japan. It has a big role for assisting studies on such big projects as those supported by official loans of Japanese government. It, therefore, is required to make enough considerations to environmental and social impacts caused by its assistance activities. JICA has already a guideline for this purpose. By strong requirement from the Japanese Diet for revolution of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, JICA started to revise the environmental guideline. The new guideline is fairy high level for sustainable development by requiting good practice of EIA. For instances, it requires three time public consultation, very positive information disclosure, and introduction of Strategic Environmental Assessment.The author analyses the characteristics of the guideline and the reason why it had been done. The process of creating it was a very transparent one. Every major stakeholders were collected into the study committee including not only academics but also the representatives from major ODA related governmental bodies, NGOs, and business world. Every meeting was open to the public and minutes of the meetings were appeared on the web site. Various opinions were always collected and put into the committee. After the committee report was made, JICA made the draft of the guideline. It held the follow up committee to give advises for revising the guideline, and also held several public consultation forums to collect public comments. The very transparent process made it possible to achieve a high level guideline.