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Nucleic acid drug is challenging for their delivery efficiency,and cationic lipid is generally cytotoxic.In this paper,we described a novel cytosine-based amphiphile(DNCA)could bound to single-stranded miRNA(ss-miRNA)ss-miR-122,obviously enhanced the cellular uptake of the nanoparticles and stability in serum with low cytotoxicity.In addition,the peptide conjugation of ss-miR-122(p-ss-miR-122)might regulate the self-assembly process encapsulated by DNCA,which promoted the formation of suitable nanoparticles and enhanced the gene silencing and antiproliferative activity.