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Objective: To investigate efficacy of muscle recruitment and coordination of constraint therapy,constraint therapy plus electrical stimulation,and occupational therapy in the treatment of hand dysfunction,and its relationship with hand function.Methods: Sixty-eight children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy were randomly allocated to three groups,received 2 weeks of treatment.Participants were measured at baseline,2 weeks,3 and 6 months after treatment using measures of integrated electromyography (iEMG),root mean square and cocontraction ratio.Results: Three groups improved significantly (p<0.05).The mean improvements between baseline and end of follow-up were respectively 31.3,24.9 and 17.0 μV for root mean square of involved wrist extensors; 27.1,24.2 and 23.2 μV for root mean square of involved wrist flexors; 636.1,321.9 and 246.2 μV·s for iEMG of involved wrist extensors; 428.4,301.7 and 242.8 μV·s for iEMG of involved wrist flexors; -5.0,-1.2 and -1.7 for cocontraction ratio of involved wrist in constraint therapy plus electrical stimulation,constraint therapy,and occupational therapy group during maximum isometric voluntary contraction of involved hand.Constraint therapy plus electrical stimulation group showed greater rate of improvement in iEMG of involved wrist extensors and cocontraction ratio than the other two groups after treatment for 3 and 6 months (p<0.05).Upper extremity functional test scores correlated positively with iEMG of involved wrist,as well as correlating between grip strength and iEMG of involved wrist extensors (p<0.05).Conclusion: Constraint therapy plus electrical stimulation might be best in improving muscle recruitment and coordination in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.