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This presentation will introduce the Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) concepts and the Livelihoods and Landscapes Initiative (LLS) of IUCN.Forest Landscape Restoration,or FLR,tries to work at the landscape level for achieving an optimal balance of the ecological,social and economical benefits of forests through dialogues and negotiation between different stakeholders.In China,IUCN has been applying the FLR concepts in Miyun reservoir watershed.Research results show that while the percentage of forest area in the watershed has increased from 44.39% in 1970s to 65.10% in 2008,fragmentation of all landscape patches have worsened and one fourth of the forests are younger than 10 years old.In the mean time,water storage of Miyun reservoir continues to suffer from competing demands for water and low precipitation (average 450 millimeters per year).Additionally,the significant difference between income levels of populations in different landscape types imply risk of over-exploitation of natural resources,threats to social stability and the ignorance to the ecological benefit/values of forests.