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The improvement of steel cleanliness has been always an important subject in the clean and super clean steel refining process.In this paper,the effect of electromagnetic stirring on the steel cleanliness has been discussed based on both the experimental and ABB reference plants data.The results show that the adjustable turbulent energy distributed in the steel bath gives excellent mixing and rapid removal of inclusions which makes it possible to obtain a low total oxygen value.The controlled stirring with unbroken slag layer by EMS will protect the steel from the influence of the ambient atmosphere and thus minimize the excess re-oxidation of aluminum and the pickup of nitrogen and oxygen.The mechanism of the enhancement of inclusion removal by EMS has not been completely known yet,but the turbulent energy in the melt bath which is beneficial to the collision of small inclusions is a common explanation.Recent research work at ABB metallurgy shows that the combination of EMS and gas stirring ( EMGAS) in the ladle refining process will be a good solution for the clean steel production.The water modelling and plant test results show that EMGAS has a strong operation flexibility regarding control of the melt flow velocity,gas plume shape,stirring energy,and slag/steel mixing.The industrial test shows that the desulphurization rate by use of the EMGAS is increased by 30% compared with only using gas stirring.The hydrogen removal rate in the ASEA-SKF process with EMGAS is 30% higher than that of only Ar-gas stirring process.