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Cu-doped Zinc oxide (CZ) and its polythiophene nanocomposites (PTh) were prepared by the Sol-Gel and in-situ polymerization methods, respectively.The morphologies and compositions of the samples were characterized.The results indicated that CZ nanoparticles were incorporated into the PTh matrix, and there existed some interactions between CZ and PTh in the CZ/PTh composites.The antibacterial properties of CZ/PTh nanoparticles on three different strains were researched by using powder inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations.The study confirmed that the antibacterial property of the composites was better than that of their each component.The antibacterial mechanisms of the samples were discussed further.