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As we know, the level of adiponectin is closely relative to patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most widely accepted treatment for OSA.However, the effect of CPAP on serum adiponectin concentration remains controversial.Therefore, we systematically review relevant study in recently ten years, and evaluate association between CPAP and serum adiponectin levels in OSA patients.By searching Medline, Pubmed,Embase, and the Cochrane library, eligible studies that focused on the effects of CPAP therapy on the serum adiponectin levels in OSA patients were identified by two independent reviewers.RevMan and STATA software were employed for data synthesis and analysis.Association between CPAP and serum adiponectin levels was evaluated by polled and subgroup analysis.Standard mean difference (SMD) was used to analyze the summary estimates for CPAP therapy.In total, 10articles involved 289 patients were recruited into the research according to the inclusion criteria.Meta-analysis indicated that the overall SMD of the adiponectin levels before and after CPAP therapy was-0.04 (95 % CI-0.21 to 0.12), test for overall effect (z=0.49; P=0.62).Subgroup analysis, based on CPAP duration, detection methods, sample size, body weight index, apnea hyponea index, and districts, showed that differences did not affect the results of polled analysis.Sources of heterogeneity were not found by subgroup and meta-regression analysis.The meta-analysis indicated that CPAP therapy cant promote adiponectin concentration in OSA patients.