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Substantial progresses have been achieved in the treatment of APL since introduction of the use of ATRA in the middle of eighty and ATO from 2000.Its CR rate was raised from 30%-40% (1973-85) to 93%-100% and the 5-year survival rate from 10%-45% to more than 90% (up to 2015).10-year DFS attaining 87% in 199 getting CR APL patients was reported recently in a paper from our Institute.Problems remain to be solved are: early death, resistance to the treatment and relapse and why the treatment cant be reproduced in others types of acute leukemia and cancer.