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The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used microbial agent for the production of bread, beer arnd wine worldwide.Previous studies have shown that this species exists in both wild and domesticated populations that are phylogenetically distinct.However, only 3-5 lineages with limited genetic diversity were recognized in the world.In recent years, we presented an ecological survey of S.cerevisiae at an unprecedented scale and performed population genetics analysis.