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The fate of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)is an important determinant of metastasis,which leads to most deaths in liver cancer.Therefore,quantification of CTCs proves to be an emerging tool for diagnosingand monitoring patients with metastatic diseases.In vivo flow cytometry(IVFC)is developed to count and monitor the dynamics of fluorescently labeled cells continuously and non-invasively.Here,we combine IVFC technique and a GFP-transfected liver metastatic tumor model to count and monitor CTC dynamics.Our IVFC has~2.0-fold higher sensitivity than whole blood analysis by conventional flow cytometry.We find out a significant difference of CTC dynamics between orthotopic and s.c.tumor models.We also study whether liver resection affectshematogenous metastasis in advanced liver cancer.Our result shows that the number of CTCs and early metastases decreases after the resection.The number and size of distant metastases correspond to CTC dynamics.Our novel IVFC technique provides insights to tumor metastasis and guidance to cancer therapy.In addition,we combineinfrared optical tweezers to trap and manipulate circulating red blood cells within subdermal capillariesin living mice.We realize a non-contact micro-operation that results in the clearing of ablocked microvessel.