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AIM Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhizae.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SalA on blood glucose level and the related mechanisms.METHODS Normal mice, diabetic rats and spontaneously diabetic KKay mice were used to study the role of SalA on animal blood-glucose.The human hepatoma cell line Bel-7401 was also used to study the role of SalA on cell glucose assumption.RESULTS Our results showed that SalA slightly reduced the normal mice blood glucose level.SalA at 1-3 mg· kg-1 reduced blood glucose, GHB, AGEs level in diabetic rats.SalA 1-3 mg· kg-1 could increase pancreatic islets size and number of diabetic animal.SalA could improve the glucose absorption of human hepatoma cell line Bel-7401.SalA could improve the ATP production, improve the mitochondria function, and Increase the MAPK pathway phosphorylation.CONCLUSION Our data suggested that SalA could decrease the blood-glucose level on diabetic animals.The mechanisms studies suggest that the blood-glucose modulation effect of SalA might contribute to the increased function of mitochondria and enhanced MAPK pathway.