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Marine barite cycling can be used for reconstructing paleoenvironments.However,the extensive occurrence of marine barite in globally undersaturated seawater remains paradoxical.Futhermore,Sr enrichment in some marine barites could not be explained by the thermodynamic driving force of solid solution growth.Here we report the real-time observation of promoted(BaxSr1-x)SO4 nucleation on organic coated substrates from understaturated bulk solution using grazing-incidence small angle X-ray scattering.