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Timidity is a trait with high heritability and is one of the main reasons for premature retirement of working dogs and relinquishing of pet dogs.However,the relevant genetic factors and markers are largely unknown.The function of the catechol-O-methyl transferase(COMT)gene has been found to be associated with human fearful or anxious emotion,and the COMT val158met polymorphism locus is significantly involved.In the present study,the correlation between the four single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)variations(-1666bpC>G; c.39A>G; c.216G>A; c.482G>A)of the COMT gene and timidity was analyzed based on the Dog Courage Assessment(DCA)and genotype and haplotype analysis in Labrador and golden retrievers.The results showed that the genotypes and haplotypes of the COMT gene were significantly and closely correlated with the timidity of the dogs.This work provides effective genetic markers with which to screen working dogs for breeding and training and to reduce the relinquishing of pet dogs.