Extreme Past Events and Dengue Spread in Major Cities of Pakistan

• 作 者: AbdulGhaffar;
• 机 构: Department of Meteorology,COMSATS,Islamabad,Pakistan
• 出 处: The 13th CAS-TWAS-WMO Forum International Symposium on Extre
• 发表日期: 2014年期

　　Pakistan had experienced extreme events like heavy rains and floods during the recent past (i-e 2009, 2010 and 2011).These extreme events are responsible for the spread of different infectious diseases including the vector borne diseases particularly the Dengue.Therefore, It is progressively more important to study the societal and environmental phenomena which lead to the impacts on health in order to design a rational strategy to mitigate the impacts of climate on this disease.Climate is an important factor as temperature, rainfall, winds and humidity play a crucial role in the disease outbreak that shows the direct and indirect economic loss of millions of USD each year and are inextricably related to human health.Current evidences also suggest that inter-annual and inter-decadal climate variability have a direct influence on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases.Climatic anomalies associated with the E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation phenomenon and resulting in drought and floods are expected to increase in frequency and intensity.They have been linked to outbreaks of vector borne diseases in Asia, Africa and South America.It is therefore a factor that should be placed high among those that affect human health and survival.