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Objective:Microcystis spp.is one of the most widespread poisonous cyanobacterial species.The water quality and natural scenery were damaged by the Microcystisbloom in Lake Taihu.In temperate and tropical lakes,water bloom is part of the entire development cycle of Microcystis,which arises in the particular period of a year at eutrophic place.However,the spatiotemporal of toxic Microcystis and total Microcystis abundance in the water and sediment were unclear in the Lake Taihu,China.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to identify the seasonal and spatial variation of the toxic and total Microcystis in water and sediment samples in Lake Taihu,and to evaluate the contribution of the environmental parameters on such patterns.