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Objective Astragalus root is one kind of Traditional Chinese Medical herb for strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi.lts active compound Astragalus polysaccharides(APS) has the effect of regulating the immune system.To explore the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of APS on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, we observed the inflammation reaction in central nervous system, T cell proliferation responses and the regulatory role of the costimulatory molecules PD-1/PD-Ls signal pathway in the pathogenesis of EAE.