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The occurrence,material flows,technical applications and environmental pollution by Platinum Group metals(PMG)and Rare Earth Elements(REEs)are discussed.These chemicals are essential for global economic growth.They are used in new modern technologies for production of various industrial goods.However,their production and uses are accompanied by releases to the environment posing human health treat.Assessment of human health impacts of these chemicals is presented in the context of their linkage to infectious diseases.Environmental damage caused by the chemicals mentioned above is discussed.Political and economic implications of using these chemicals are also presented.It was concluded that more efficient and cost-effective approaches are needed in the mining and production of the above chemicals in order to reduce their emissions to the environment and human health impacts.Recycling and waste management can be improved significantly in many regions of the world,contributing to better economy and lower environmental impacts of metals production and use.