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As one major literary response since the Industrial Revolution,the story of humanmachine relationship reflects the influence on men under the application of science and technology in reality.Science fiction films,as an important literary genre of vivid visual effect and rich scientific imagination,provide us an occasion to escape the restriction of being now and here but look into social reality,understand cultural trends and observe human-machine relationship with broader visions.In this essay,two important science fictions,2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and Avatar (2009),which cover the later part of 20c,are analyzed in terms of characters,plot,language and miseen- scene.Focusing on three major topics in the field of science and technology,including AI,transhumanism and avatar technology,combined with investigation of technical inventions and trends,a historical approach is employed to discuss ethical issues displayed on screen.As this essay argued,the science fiction films present us the unprecedented scientific achievements of human beings,but also reflect challenges that humans encounter—AI machines challenged human values,while transhumanismtechnoligy and avatar technology brought new thinking on human identity,demonstrating an expanding ethical and ecological vision and the need to reframe ethical debating in society.Therefore,the essay is intended to clarify changes of understanding regarding human values and identity in the development of science and technology,thus contributing to the establishment of a more reasonable and tolerate attitude to ethical issues in the rapid development of science.