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Ethnopharmacological relevance:The dietary fruit pulp of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.;family Moraceae) is used as replenishing Qi (Yiqi) agent in traditional Chinese herb medicine (TCM).Aim of Study:This study was designed to isolate the crude polysaccharides from the fruit pulp of Jackfruit,determine its chemical composition and evaluate its immune-regulatory activity in mice.Materials and Methods:The polysaccharides were isolated from water extracts of the Jackfruit fruit pulp (JFP) using ethanol precipitation method.The resulting precipitates were further purified by dialysis and protein depletion by the Sevage method.Phenol-sulfuric method was used to determine the content of the polysaccharides.The composition of polysaccharides was examined by the Sephadex-G200 column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods.Thymus index (TI) and macrophage phagocytic function methods in mice were used to evaluate the immune-regulatory activity of JFP polysaccharides (JFP-PS).Results:The analytic assay for the JFP-PS was accurate and reliable.The JFP-PS content in jackfruit was about 21% (w/w) and the yield of crude PS was about 3.91%.The single molecular mass weight polysaccharide was the main constituent of the JFP-PS.The main monosaccharide residues were rhamnose,glucose,galactose and arabinose.The JFP-PS could enhance the thymus weight index and the phagocytic rate after 30-day subchronic p.o.administered treatment to mice at 4.5 mg/kg.Conclusions:JFP contain single molecular polysaccharides and the JFP-PS have immune-stimulating activity in mice model.These data suggested that at least part of the traditional uses of JFP could be ascribed to the immunomodulatory effects.