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Light-weight and flexible solar cells can be compatible with wearable electronics and can be produced in large scales using printing techniques.Dye sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) and organic solar cells (OPVs) were the first generation of printable thin film solar cells.A significant amount of work was done in the last ten years to develop printed DSSCs and OPVs,but their commercialisation has been slow,mainly due to their relatively low energy conversion efficiency and poor durability.