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目的 了解医院感染现状 ,分析医院感染相关因素 ,提出加强医院感染管理的措施。方法 以某天0点至 2 4点为时段 ,采用病人实际状况调查和病历调查相结合的方法。结果 2 4h内所有病例中发现医院感染者 2 6人 ,医院感染现患率为 2 .74 %。肿瘤科现患率最高 (12 .0 0 % ) ,其次为老干内科 (11.11% )和神经外科 (4 .0 8% )。医院感染部位构成中 ,以呼吸道感染所占比重最高 ,达 6 5 .38%。医院感染相关因素中 ,年龄 (<2岁和 >6 0岁 )、气管切开、使用免疫抑制剂、激素和放疗、化疗 ,均是医院感染的危险因素。结论 加强病房管理 ,减少陪护人员及流动人员 ,加强无菌技术操作和消毒管理 ,是降低医院感染率的重要措施 ,应将肿瘤科、老干内科和神经外科作为医院感染的重点监控科室 ;重点监控人群应为婴幼儿和老年患者、恶性肿瘤患者、接受免疫抑制剂治疗的患者
Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infection, analyze the related factors of nosocomial infection, and propose measures to strengthen nosocomial infection management. Methods From 0 o’clock to 24 o’clock on the day for the period, the actual situation of the patient and medical records combined with the method of investigation. Results 26 cases of nosocomial infection were found in all cases within 24 hours, and the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.74%. The prevalence of oncology was the highest (12.0%), followed by senile medicine (11.11%) and neurosurgery (4.08%). In the composition of nosocomial infections, respiratory tract infection accounted for the highest proportion of 65.38%. Of the nosocomial infection-related factors, age (<2 years and> 60 years), tracheostomy, use of immunosuppressive agents, hormones and radiotherapy and chemotherapy were all risk factors for nosocomial infections. Conclusion Strengthening ward management, reducing attendants and migrants, strengthening aseptic technique operation and disinfection management are important measures to reduce hospital infection rate. Nephrology, Geriatrics and Neurosurgery should be regarded as the key surveillance departments of nosocomial infection. Surveillance should be infants and young children, elderly patients, patients with malignant tumors, patients treated with immunosuppressive agents