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Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain self-renewal and the potential for rapid response to differentiation cues.Both ESC features are subject to epigenetic regulation.Here we show that the histone acetyltransferase Mof plays an essential role in the maintenance of ESC self-renewal and pluripotency.ESCs with Mof/Mystl deletion lose characteristic morphology, alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining, and differentiation potential.They also have aberrant expression of the core transcription factors Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2.