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Background: A 70-gene prognosis signature was previously shown to have prognostic value in patients with nodenegative breast cancer in Europe.But there is no study about a 70-gene prognosis signature in Korea.We therefore investigated whether the 70-gene prognosis-signature can identify patients with node negative who have an excellent disease outcome.Material and Methods: Between March, 2008 and September, 2009, 35 patients with node-negative breast cancer (clinical T1-3N0M0) were selected from four hospitals in Korea.Fresh tumor samples were analyzed with customized microarray for the 70-gene tumor expression signature.Concordance between risk predicted by the prognosis signature and risk predicted by commonly used clinicopathological guidelines (St.Gallen guidelines, NIH guideline, Adjuvant! Online) were assessed.Also we analyzed clinicopathologic features of patients compared with previous validation study.Results: Mean age of patients was 47 years (median 45; range 23-68) and mean tumor diameter was 2.0cm (median 1.8; range 0.3-5.1).Prognosis signatures were assessed in 35 patients.The 70-gene prognosis signature identified 5(14.3%) patients with good prognosis and 30(86.7%) patients with poor prognosis.Tumors with a poor prognosis-signature were more often classified as HER-2 positive tumor, high histologic grade and large tumor size.The St.Gallen guidelines identified patients 29(82.9%) with poor prognosis, which was concordant with those findings obtained with the prognosis signature in 28(80%) patients.NIH guidelines identified 30(85.7%)patients with poor prognosis with the signature and concordance in 29(17.2%) patients.Adjuvant! Online guidelines identified more patients with good prognosis than did the signature alone (14[40%]), and concordance with the signature occurred in 22(82.8%) patients.Conclusions: The 70-gene prognosis-signature identified 5(14.3%) patients with good prognosis and 30(85.7%) patients with poor prognosis, compared with 60% and 40%, respectively, of patients in previous validation studies in Europe.There were no significant differences in clinicopathotogic features of patients compared with previous studies.This difference of our data from previous reports should be studied whether the difference of gene between Korean and European has influence to our data or not.And between risk predicted by the prognosis signature and commonly used clinicopathological guidelines were about 60~80% concordant rates.Our results were the first data of gene prognosis-signature in Korean breast cancer patients, but the small number of the cases, no data of follow-up and no assessment of predictive value of the prognosis signature are the limitations of the current study.Therefore future studies should assess this limitation, especially whether the 70-gene prognosissignature can predict prognosis of patients in Korea.