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In the past few years, a serious researches on proteases from deep sea and arctic sea ice were carried out, and the important advances are as follows: (1) exploring the diversity of bacteria and proteases involved in the degradation of deep-sea organic nitrogen, and finding a series of new bacterial genera and species and novel proteases; (2) clarifying the nutrient-enriching mechanism of deep-sea psychrophiles; (3) elucidating the degradation mechanism of the deep-sea high-weight organic nitrogen); (4) uncovering the mechanism of cold adaptation and evolution of cold-adapted proteases.(5) elucidating the structural basis for the autoprocessing of zinc metalloproteases in the thermolysin family.