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Objective Music seems to have a beneficial effect on promoting mood state and cognitive performance of humans.However, whether rats exists analogous effect is still controversial.This study was designed to investigate the effect of Mozart K448 on behavior in the developing rat.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the Mozart K448 (group M), inversed Mozart K448 (group M-inv) or silence (control group) from postnatal days 1 to 91, the potential of spatial learning and memory were assessed at postnatal days 28, 56 and 91 by Morris water maze.Results The group M and control group rats learned to find the escape platform more rapidly than the group M-inv rats (P < 0.01), while no significant difference were found between the group M and control group rats (P > 0.05).Compared to control group and group M-inv rats, the group M rats remained more time in the quadrant that contained platform formerly during the spatial probe trial task.Conclusion Our primary results suggests that classical Mozart music may improve spatial memory in rats, resembling results found in humans.Whereas inversed Mozart may inhibit spatial learning and memory.Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that more evidences are indispensable on physiology and molecular biology to elucidate the mechanism of Mozart effect.