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Objective Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease in the world.However,there has been few knowledge about the oral microbiota of childhood from different races.The aim of the study is to explore the microbiota in dental plaque from chinese Han and She children by pyrosequencing anlysis.Method Supragingival plaque were collected from 66 She and 60 Han children (3-6 years old) with or without dental caries.The V1-V3 hypervariable regions of bacterial 16S rDNA genes were amplified by multiply primers and analyzed by 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing.