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Coal-to-chemicals and natural gas-to-chemicals are currently two of the most intensely researched areas.Methanol-to-olefins(MTO)is one of the key routes for coal-to-chemicals or natural gas‐to‐chemicals conversion technologies.ExxonMobil started developing MTO technologies in 90s and reached technical readiness after more than a decade of intensive R&D.This presentation will focus on some of the MTO fundamental work by the team to help with the development effort.It was discovered in late 90s in ExxonMobil MTO development effort that methylated aromatics are the cocatalyst for methanol conversion or “hydrocarbon pool”.We will give a brief account of this effort that led to the discovery.We will demonstrate that the size and shape of catalyst cages have a significant bearing on both selectivity and activity.We will demonstrate that acid sites of SAPO‐34 are fluxional–a key feature that explains many of the mechanistic details.