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This paper presents a new method for characterizing the interface stresses between an elastic rough ball and a smooth rigid plate under lubrication.Both micro asperity deformation and macro elastic deformation of the ball were considered.A statistical analysis was carried out to integrate the random asperity deformation with the asperity-lubricant interaction.The surface roughness effect on the hydrodynamic pressure of the pressurized lubricant entrapped at the contact interface was incorporated into the analysis.An iterative approach,with the aid of fast Fourier transform(FFT),was used to predict the interface stresses and the deformed surface profile of the ball.It was found that the method can successfully predict the effects of surface roughness and multi-scale deformation on the contact stresses.It is expected that this method can be used to reveal the property variation of lubricant using ball-on-disk tests.