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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans play important roles in biological processes,such as neural development,viral invasion,cancer metastasis,and spinal cord injury.1 As with all glycosaminoglycans,the complexity and heterogeneity of CS have hampered efforts to understand its precise biological roles.Synthetic access to CS molecules of defined length and sulfation pattern,in combination with biological studies,should enable a systematic examination of structure-activity relationships.Our work is to synthesize a class of different length of chondroitin sulfate E polysaccharide,2 then evaluate their in vitro activities osteoblast differentiation and cartilage tissues.