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The dietary shift from carnivore to herbivore with 99% of their food being bamboo in giant panda has attracted much attention from biologists.Previous studies have focused on genetic variation on host genomes, such as the Tlrl genes.A recent study on giant panda gut microbiota discovered some cellulose and hemicellouse-digesting microbes, suggests gut microbes as one of the plausible factors that may contribute to the dietary switch in giant panda.Red and giant pandas independently developed similar morphological features such as the false thumb, in adaptation to the same dietary switch to bamboo.Whether the gut microbiota in red panda also experienced convergent evolution with giant panda or it divergently evolved different microbiota to digest bamboo has not been explored.In this study, we surveyed the gut microbiotic diversity based on 16s rDNA v1-v3 regions from feces of red pandas and giant pandas, and that of hog badgers (Arctonyx collaris) , which belongs to the Musteloidea, are more close to red panda than giant panda phylogenetically, and black bare(Ursus thibetanus), which belongs to the Ursidae, is closer to giant panda than to red panda, together with other available cainivores gut microbiota data.Interestingly, we found that the gut micriobiota phylogeny recapitulated the hosts phylogeny, suggesting divergence and independent acquiring of gut microbes in red panda and giant panda; it also indicates that phylogeny plays a more important role in shaping the diversity of the gut microbiota than diet does in carnivore.