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目的了解常州市钟楼区工业企业苯系物的职业病危害。方法对辖区内29家使用苯系物的工业企业进行苯系物监测,对782名接触苯系物的劳动者进行职业健康检查。结果工作场所空气中苯浓度合格率为83.7%,甲苯浓度合格率为89.2%,二甲苯浓度合格率为91.1%。苯系物接触组工人白细胞下降检出率为13.9%,非接触组为8.3%,差异有统计学意义;苯系物接触组工人血红蛋白下降检出率为5.6%,非接触组为2.5%,差异有统计学意义。苯系物接触组女工白细胞下降检出率为19.2%,男工为8.3%,差异有统计学意义;苯系物接触组女工血红蛋白下降检出率为8.4%,男工为2.7%,差异有统计学意义。苯系物接触组男工高血压检出率为21.6%,血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)异常检出率为18.7%,肝胆疾患检出率为25.9%,均高于女性的12.0%、3.2%、14.3%,差异有统计学意义。结论该区工业企业仍存在苯系物的职业病危害。为保护劳动者身体健康,企业需加强职业卫生管理,改革生产工艺,采取有效的通风排毒措施,确保苯系物的浓度控制在国家标准之内,同时加强职业卫生监测和职业健康监护工作,及时发现职业禁忌证和敏感人群,尤其要加强女工的保护,避免职业中毒的发生。
Objective To understand the occupational hazards of benzene compounds in industrial enterprises in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City. Methods Thirty-nine industrial enterprises using benzene series products in the area were monitored for benzene series substances, and 782 laborers with benzene series compounds were subjected to occupational health examination. Results The passing rate of benzene in the air of the workplace was 83.7%, the pass rate of toluene was 89.2%, and the pass rate of xylene was 91.1%. The detection rate of leukocyte drop was 13.9% in the benzene series contact group and 8.3% in the non-contact group, the difference was statistically significant. The detection rate of hemoglobin in the benzene series contact group workers was 5.6% and that in the non-contact group was 2.5% The difference was statistically significant. The detection rate of leukopenia in female workers was 19.2% and that of male workers was 8.3% in the benzene series exposure group. The difference was statistically significant Statistical significance. The detection rate of male hypertension was 21.6% in the benzene series exposure group, 18.7% in the serum ALT and 25.9% in the hepatobiliary disease, which were all higher than the 12.0% 3.2%, 14.3%, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The industrial enterprises in this area still have occupational hazards of benzene series. In order to protect the health of workers, enterprises need to strengthen occupational health management, reform their production processes, adopt effective ventilation and detoxification measures to ensure that the concentrations of benzene series compounds are controlled within the national standards, and at the same time, strengthen occupational health monitoring and occupational health monitoring in a timely manner Found that occupational contraindications and sensitive populations, in particular, to strengthen the protection of women workers to avoid occupational poisoning.