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Precursor powders of the Ca-Co-O thermoelectric material were synthesized with Sm(NO3)3, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and Co(NO3)2·6H2O by sol-gel process.The size 8mm×8mm×30mm samples were prepared by cold pressing forming at 30MPa with the method of powder metallurgic process.The samples were dried in 24 hours at 100~ 110 ℃,sintered for 5 hours at 900℃ in stove (SGQ-4-17) and then colded to room temperature following stove temperature (cooling velocity V≤5 ℃/min).