论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨围生期环境因素对不同过敏家族史婴幼儿发生食物致敏及过敏的影响。方法:回顾性分析进行食物过敏流行病学调查的婴幼儿问卷资料2 030份。对不同过敏家族史婴幼儿发生食物致敏及过敏的围生期环境因素进行logistic回归分析。结果:家族史阳性儿童食物致敏及过敏的检出率明显高于家族史阴性儿童(致敏:27.1%vs.15.3%,χ2=35.752,P=0.000;过敏:19.5%vs.9.7%,χ2=34.472,P=0.000);62.5%食物致敏、59.5%食物过敏婴幼儿来自过敏疾病家族史阴性的儿童。对于过敏疾病家族史阳性儿童,孕期高蛋白摄入可导致食物致敏(OR=1.618,95%CI=1.085~2.414,P=0.018)。对于家族史阴性的儿童,高出生体质量、生后头3 d最早摄入非母乳食物、孕期高蛋白摄入可增加其发生食物致敏的风险(OR=1.674,95%CI=1.115~2.515,P=0.013;OR=1.396,95%CI=1.040~1.875,P=0.026;OR=1.996,95%CI=1.495~2.664,P=0.000);高出生体质量、孕期高蛋白摄入亦是此类婴幼儿发生食物过敏的危险因素(OR=1.794,95%CI=1.104~2.916,P=0.018;OR=1.797,95%CI=1.269~2.546,P=0.001)。结论:虽然过敏性家族史阳性者更易发生食物致敏及过敏;然而,家族史阴性者更易受围生期环境因素影响。
Objective: To investigate the effects of perinatal environmental factors on food sensitization and allergy in infants with different allergic family history. Methods: A retrospective analysis of food allergy epidemiological survey of infants and young children questionnaire data 2 030 copies. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the perinatal environmental factors that caused food allergens and allergies in infants with different allergic family history. Results: The detection rate of food allergy and allergy in children with positive family history was significantly higher than that in children with negative family history (27.1% vs.15.3%, χ2 = 35.752, P = 0.000; 19.5% vs.9.7% χ2 = 34.472, P = 0.000); 62.5% of food allergy, 59.5% of food allergy infants and children from children with negative family history of allergy disease. For children with positive family history of allergic diseases, high protein intake during pregnancy can lead to food sensitization (OR = 1.618, 95% CI = 1.085-2.414, P = 0.018). For children with negative family history, high birth weight, the first 3 d after birth, intake of non-breast milk foods, high protein intake during pregnancy can increase their risk of food allergy (OR = 1.674, 95% CI = 1.115 ~ 2.515, OR = 1.396, 95% CI = 1.040-1.875, P = 0.026; OR = 1.996, 95% CI = 1.495-2.664, P = 0.000); high birth weight, high protein intake during pregnancy (OR = 1.794, 95% CI = 1.104-2.916, P = 0.018; OR = 1.797, 95% CI = 1.269-2.546, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although allergic family history positives are more susceptible to food sensitization and allergies; however, family history negative patients are more susceptible to perinatal environmental factors.