论文部分内容阅读
Hoof deformation (HD) is caused by a variety of pathogenic factors.It is characterized by abnormal growth of the horny sheath and changes in the shape of the hooves, which are obviously different from those of normal dairy cows.With the rapid increases in intensive rearing and demand for milk production of dairy cows, the incidence of HD has been increasing,and is reportedly as high as 29.5% in the Beijing and Tianjin areas of China.The presence of HD in dairy cattle can have a deleterious effect on the weight-bearing surface and internal structure of the hooves,resulting in the occurrence of a variety of hoof diseases.Although some studies have been carried out to investigate HD-associated factors, global changes in the physiological indicators of HD-affected dairy cows remain unclear.In this study,The serum proteome of two pooled samples from unaffected dairy cattle (UA) (n =26) and those with hoof deformation (HD) (n =40) was investigated using a shotgun liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach.In total, 393 proteins were identified in the UA serum sample, of which 224 were high-confidence proteins;409 proteins were identified from the HD serum sample, of which 225 were high-confidence proteins.The high-confidence proteins showed clear differences between the UA and HD samples in functional analysis based on Gene Ontology annotations.Twenty-four proteins were found that showed potential differential expression (PDE) between the two sets of high-confidence serum proteins.Among the PDE proteins, 18 from the HD sample were involved in binding, catalytic activity, structural molecule activity, protein binding transcription factor activity,and enzyme regulatory activity;of these ,desmoplakin,junction plakoglobin,and annexin A2 were highlighted as potential biomarkers of hoof deformation in dairy cattle.Furthermore, selected proteins were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay or western blot.The proteins identified provide valuable information to increase understanding of serum protein profiles in cattle and to assist studies of the factors associated with hoof deformation.