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Background The beneficial effects of stem cell hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) prior to treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been confirmed in multiple studies that describe enhanced cell survival,homing and therapeutic outcome.Enhanced SDF-1/CXCR4 has been implicated as part of the HPC pathway.Leptin is induced by HPC,positively regulates SDsF-1/CXCR4 through STAT3 and is required for enhanced cell therapy.