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An average failure index method based on accurate FEA is proposed for the tensile strength prediction of composite out-of-plane adhesive-bondedπjoints.Based on the simple and independent maximum stress failure criterion,the failure index is introduced to characterize the degree of stress components close to their corresponding material strength.With a brief load transfer analysis,the weak fillers are prominent and further detailed discussion is performed.The maximum value among the average failure indices which relate different stress components is filtrated to represent the failure strength of the critical surface,which is either the two curved upside surfaces or the bottom plane of the fillers for compositeπjoints.The tensile strength of three kinds of π joints with different material systems,configurations and lay-ups is predicted by the proposed method and corresponding experiments have been conducted.Good agreements between the numerical and experimental results give evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed method.On contrast to the existed time-consuming strength prediction methods,the proposed method provides a capability of quickly assessing the failure of complex out-of-plane joints and is easy and convenient to be widely utilized in engineering.