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The specific function of a biomacromolecule such as a nucleic acid or a protein depends on its three-dimensional structure.Correct formation of the structure is largely controlled by the folding kinetics of the molecule.To investigate the folding kinetics from denatured state into functional structures,flow methods are ideal approaches,where reactions are triggered by rapid solution mixing.However,the triggering speed of existing flow methods is still inadequate to track initial folding events.In this presentation,we will discuss how to achieve ultra-fast mixing with novel microfluidic chips,thus to interrogate extremely fast kinetics in biomacromolecule folding process.With different on-chip mixing strategies,mixing dead time could be shortened to 16 μs,8 μs or even down to 600 ns for liquid phase of low viscosity,which is fastest mixing time according to previous reports.For high viscous solutions,we developed a microchip that achieved a mixing time of 579.4 μs for solutions with viscosities of about 33.6 times of pure water.Over 1000-fold improvement was accomplished in comparison to those reported previously.We further used those micromixers to analyze the folding kinetics of G-quadruplex and cytochrome c in diluted solutions or in molecular crowding conditions.