WHO states that “Tobacco kills up to one in every two smokers.This absolute risk of tobacco death was first stated by Peto in 1994,based on a relative risk(RR)of two for total mortality due to smoking
Introduction.In 2013,the Indonesian government released regulation on population protection from addictive substance of tobacco on pictorial health warning.There are 5 designs of pictorial health warn
We examined whether the responsiveness to an increase in cigarettes price differed by adolescents cigarette acquisition source.We analyzed data on 6,134 youth smokers(grades 7-12)from a cross-sectiona
CONTEXT: Graphic health warnings(GHWs),and their next frontier,plain packaging(PP),are known to be cost-effective measures to reduce tobacco use,but international trade and investment agreements(TIAs)
CONTEXT: The global trend of FCTC parties adopting graphic health warnings(GHWs)and plain packaging(PP),have ignited various discourses on tobacco control and trade in the past several years.
Illicit cigarettes,lower consumer prices,threaten national tobacco control efforts,and reduce excise tax collection.We use two methods; the discrepancies between legal cigarette sales and domestic con
Three objectives of imposing excise tax on tobacco; to raise revenue,to correct external costs,and to discourage consumption.Objective of this paper is to evaluate the benefit of tobacco tax increase
Social media plays an important and innovative role in the information,education,and communication activities of civil society organizations involved in tobacco control.
Smoking prevalence in Indonesia has increase significantly from 27 percent in 1995 to 34.7 percent in 2010.Increasing cigarette price is an effective measure to decrease cigarette consumption.
Significant and back ground; Thai health ministry increasing the graphic health warnings(HWG)size on cigarette package from to be 85% are attacked by Major international tobacco companies,a legal chal