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Graphene, a first ideal two dimensional (2D) material with the thickness of 0.335nm, has a very special energy band structure of zero-bandgap at the K and K points of the Brillouin zone.The electrons in graphene behave as the massless Dirac Fermions, for the unique electronic structure, a pristine monolayer graphene has a constant absorption of ~2.3% across the infrared and visible range.