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以硝酸铅、氧氯化锆、四氯化钛为反应物前躯体,氢氧化钾为矿化剂,采用溶剂热法合成PZT粉体。系统研究了反应时间、乙醇与水比例、引入表面活性剂聚乙烯醇(PVA)对PZT晶体生长的影响。通过XRD和SEM对粉体进行了表征。结果表明:在乙醇与水比例为1:1、170℃反应8h的条件下可制备得到粒径约为1μm,粒径均匀,晶体发育完整的钙钛矿结构的PZT粉体;在该反应体系中加入适量PVA时得到了棒状结构的粉体。
Lead nitrate, zirconium oxychloride and titanium tetrachloride were used as precursors and potassium hydroxide was used as mineralizer. PZT powder was synthesized by solvothermal method. The effects of reaction time, the ratio of ethanol to water, and the introduction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the growth of PZT crystals were systematically investigated. The powders were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results showed that PZT powder with perovskite size about 1μm, uniform particle size and complete crystal growth could be prepared under the condition of a ratio of ethanol to water of 1: 1,170 ℃ for 8h. In this reaction system Addition of appropriate amount of PVA obtained rod-shaped structure of the powder.