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With reference to the traditional use of Herbal medi-cines for relief of gastric and duodenal ulcer,plant extracts were screened for in vitro activity against Helicobacter pylori.Schizandra chinensis and its active principle,ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate and ethyl 5-hydroxyhexanoate were identified as active materials.The antibacterial effect of Schizandra chinensis (SC) on Helicobacter pylori infection was investigated using a Mongolian gerbil model.Gerbils were divided into four groups:H.pylori-infected,SC-treated animals (group A); H.pylori-infected,untreated animals (group B);uninfected,SC-treated animals (group C); and uninfected,untreated animals (group D).Group A and B animals were killed 12 weeks after H.pylori infection and group C and D animals were killed at the same age.