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According to the 4th National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002, the prevalence of hypertension in China was 18.8%.Although there are no recent updated nationwide data, it is believed that the prevalence of hypertension has increased substantially in the past decade up to more than 200 million hypertensive patients in the populous country of China.To fight against the growing risk of hypertension, three Chinese hypertension guidelines were compiled in the past two decades, in 1999, 2005, and 2011.The current guidance document for the management of hypertension was named 2010 Chinese hypertension guideline, but it was actually published in 2011.In this guideline, all five classes of antihypertensive drugs were recommended as possible initial and maintenance therapy.The goal of treatment was a systolic/diastolic blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg in general, 130/80 mm Hg in various groups of high-risk patients, and 150/90 mm Hg in the elderly (≥65 years).With the recent publication of several national and international hypertension guidelines, the Chinese guideline is now under discussion for updating.