As an important concept in many fields,collective behavior of large groups of animals and human is a truly fascinating natural phenomenon.After Helbing et al.(2000) introduced an interesting panic ind
Understanding the statistical properties of recurrence intervals (also termed return intervals in econophysics literature) of extreme events is crucial to risk assessment and management of complex sys
Catastrophic regime shifts (CRS) are large-scale,long-lasting changes in ecosystems.Such regime shifts can lead to degradation of ecological services and attendant economic losses.
The emergence and maintenance of cooperative behavior among selfish individuals is an interesting issue which has attracted considerable attention in recently years.Under the fundamental principle of