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本文从热力学和传热学角度讨论了液氦温区(4～5K)G—M制冷机宜采用两机联合工作方案的必要性和可行性。根据氦气热力学性质以及缝隙式回热器传热机理,分析计算表明,液氦温区的G—M机应采用低的工作压力(例如P_h=0.5MPa,P_1=0.1MPa左右)和低的转速,这与国外文献报导的试验结果一致。本文还就低温下回热器型式和其它可能改进的措施进行了探讨。本文的一般性结论对于其它工作于液氦温区的机种也是适用的。
This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of adopting a joint working scheme of two machines in G-M refrigerator with liquid helium temperature (4 ~ 5K) from the aspects of thermodynamics and heat transfer. According to the thermodynamic properties of helium and the heat transfer mechanism of slotted regenerator, analysis and calculation show that G-M in liquid helium temperature zone should adopt low working pressure (eg P_h = 0.5MPa, P_1 = 0.1MPa or so) and low Speed, which is consistent with the experimental results reported in foreign literature. This article also discusses the type of regenerator at low temperatures and other possible improvements. The general conclusion of this paper is also applicable to other models working in the liquid helium temperature region.