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目的:为经鼻内窥镜泪囊鼻腔造口自体组织移植泪道再造手术提供解剖学依据。方法:对20个成人尸头的40侧泪道标本进行了手术显微镜下解剖观察和测量。观察泪囊和鼻泪管在鼻腔外侧壁的投影和毗邻关系,测量泪囊窝内侧壁的厚度。测量泪阜-鼻腔及泪囊的水平距、30°斜距、45°斜距。结果:泪囊窝中1/3部在泪前嵴、泪囊窝骨壁中垂线和泪后嵴的厚度分别为(4.03±0.89)mm,(0.61±0.36)mm,(0.63±0.24)mm,泪前嵴最厚(F检验,P<0.05),泪阜-鼻腔水平距、30°斜距和45°斜距分别为(17.23±0.70)mm,(14.51±1.72)mm,(17.34±2.38)mm,30°斜距最短,(F检验,P<0.05),30°斜距和45°斜距比较差异无显著性意义(Q检验,P>0.05)。结论:泪阜到鼻腔及泪囊的距离和泪阜-鼻泪管上口连线与鼻底平面的夹角对鼻腔外侧壁造口部位选择、隧道的倾斜角度和自体移植组织长短的确定有指导意义。
OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomic evidence for endoscopic lacrimal duct reconstruction with nasal lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal autotransplantation. Methods: Twenty adult laryngeal specimens of 40 lacrimal passages were dissected and observed under the microscope. To observe the projection and adjacent relationship of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and measure the thickness of the lateral wall of the lacrimal sac. Measurement of tear Fu - nasal and lacrimal sac horizontal distance, 30 ° slope distance, 45 ° slope distance. Results The thickness of the 1/3 tear in the dacryocysts was (4.03 ± 0.89) mm, (0.61 ± 0.36) mm, (0.63 ± 0.24) mm, (17.23 ± 0.70) mm, (14.51 ± 1.72) mm, (17.34) mm, and tear anterior crest was the highest (F test, P <0.05) ± 2.38) mm, the shortest 30 ° slant distance (F test, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between 30 ° slant distance and 45 ° slant distance (Q test, P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The distance between lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal sac and lacrimal sac - the angle between the upper nasolacrimal duct upturning line and the floor of the nasal cavity on the lateral nasal wall ostomy site, the tunnel tilt angle and the length of autograft tissue Guiding significance.