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The genus Kurixalus was widely distributed in Southeast and East Asia,from eastern India through Myanmar and southern China to southern Cambodia and central Vietnam,and through western and northern Thailand to northern Myanmar,Chinese Taiwan,China,and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.Since the tectonic collision between India and Asia during the Early Eocene,this area had experienced many complicated geological and related climate changes.In order to estimate the influence of the geologic and climatic events on rhacophorids,we used three mitochondrial (12S rRNA,t-RNA for valine and 16S rRNA) genes and five nuclear (BDNF,POMC,RAG-1,RHOD,and TYR) genes to investigate the biogeography of Kurixalus.The divergence time analysis showed that the ancestral species of Kurixalus inhabited in Sundaland,and it diversified in the Late-Eocene at 28.9 Ma (95%CI: 22.6–37.1 Ma).Following the terminal Eocene cooling event,rhacophorids began a large-scale northwestward dispersal to East and Southeast Asia.During the Miocene,humid areas enlarged and moved further inland thereby permitting the growth of tropical vegetation.The potentially suitable habitat allowed the most recent common ancestor of Kurixalus to disperse northward.The opening of South China Sea began at 30 Ma,isolating Taiwan and Sundaland.The lineage consisting of K.eiffingeri and K.idiootocus,was originated at 21.7 Ma (95%CI: 17.8–27.3 Ma),just subsequent to the opening of South China Sea.We found that central Vietnam likely served as a refugium for forest specialists during geological movements and climatic oscillations.And the clade of K.banaensis and K.baliogaser arising at 16.7 Ma (95% CI: 11.7–20.0 Ma) was more likely retained in this area.We also suggested that climate change in Asia,especially the transition from a zonal pattern to a monsoon dominated pattern since 8 Ma,promoted the diversification of Kurixalus in Southeast Asia.