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Objective:This study assesses the effect of Tai chi(TC)on bone mineral density among the elderly.Methods: Forty elderly adults were randomly classified into a TC group and a control group.The TC group participated in intervention programs with an hour-long TC session five times a week for 16 weeks.An eight-week follow-up interview was conducted after intervention.Bone mineral density tests were administered before the training on the 4th,8th,12th,and 16thweekswithin the training period and on the4thand 8th weeks after the training ended.The bone quality index(BQI),broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA),and speed of sound(SOS)were analyzed.Results: During intervention,BQI,BUA,and SOS improved significantly on the16th week for the TC group.No significant differences were found for all variables in the TC group after the intervention ended.Conclusion: The TC program can improve bone mineral density during intervention.Improvements in bone mineral density were sustained during the eight-week follow-up interview.Therefore,TC can be considered by the elderly as a preferable form of exercise for improving bone mineral density.