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Background: Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are broadly applied for the efficient removal of contaminants from types of wastewater before discharged into the natural environment.A complex microbial community is the most dominant contributor to the removal of contaminants in WWTPs.A better understanding of the microbial community structure and its relationship with types of influence variables could provide important guidance to the improvement of the wastewater treatment efficiency.Multiple studies have investigated the significant associations between WWTP community structures and operation parameters and wastewater characteristics,such as dissolved oxygen,temperature,treatment process,and influent ammonia nitrogen,biological oxygen demand and total phosphorus concentrations.However,regardless of the weak neutral assembly of bacterial communities,there is still a large part of the microbial community variance that could not be explained by these well-known variables.Thus,it is presumed that there are still other environmental variables that potentially influence the variance of WWTP communities.