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Magnesium alloy has a broad development prospect for lightweight construction strategies of automotive and it is becoming an inevitable trend in automotive industry.However, the technology of sheet metal connection for magnesium alloy is limited due to poor formability at room temperature.Self-Piercing Riveting (SPR) process is a suitable method for sheet materials among mechanical joining technologies.The aim with this work is concerned with the development of simulation models of the SPR process with AZ31 magnesium alloys.Based on DEFORM-2D finite element analysis (FEA) software, an axi-symmetric model has been built for the SPR process and the distribution of stress and strain, and stroke-load curve are analyzed in the forming process of the riveting, also the quality of riveted joint is evaluated in terms of joint cross-sectional shape and static tensile strength is estimated with a simple limit load.The results give a better understanding of mechanical properties of SPR joints for magnesium alloys.As a sufficient interlock and bottom thickness leading to a reasonably good joint, the numerical simulation method plays a significant role to predict the final strength of the assembly, thus it is effective and reliable to guide the joining of magnesium alloys with SPR process.